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A good place for data around this is the HTTP Archive (https://httparchive.org/). It has collected data and reports.
I was a contributor to http://alt-f4.blog/ and helped get the site down to 1.6-1.9 MB, depending on thumbnail size.
Web developers need to take a step back and realize that plain HTML/CSS can fulfill the needs of 90% of the basic text-on-a-page format of most websites out there, especially with the advances in CSS and form/input controls we've had in the past few years.
When I was putting together the Standard Ebooks website[1], I wanted to take cues from the epub books we were producing: having a classic document-centric format without JS, based on traditional, accessible HTML elements, without frameworks, and with an emphasis on semantic structure without
soup.The result is a site that loads almost instantly, whose HTML transfer is small--12kb for the homepage and 24kb for the ebook grid--and whose JS transfer is zero. The bulk of the network transfer goes to the initial download of our self-hosted fonts, and cover images. Yet the site looks perfectly modern and even has effects like grids, form effects, transparency, responsive layout, and dark mode. Traffic analysis comes from server-side logs, no JS needed.
If you're making a website, chances are high that you're just making a document that maybe is a CRUD app. Plain HTML was designed with documents in mind, HTTP/REST was designed with document display and and CRUD in mind, and CSS is advanced enough where we can make it all look really nice. Go back to the basics!
[1] https://standardebooks.org