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I'll echo others' comments that you should consider not completely ruling out Lua. I'm a Neovim user almost exclusively, and knew no Lua at all coming in to it. In less than a day I was up to speed enough to be able to write complex extensions in it, and honestly didn't struggle much with the language itself in getting to that point. Most of my time was spent learning the APIs, not the language.
That said, while I've not done so, it _is_ possible to write Neovim extensions in Python. Check out this project for details: https://github.com/neovim/pynvim
While there are obviously many editors out there these days, IMO the ubiquity of [n]vim and emacs make them strong leaders. Convincing me to use anything else would be difficult.
I love Neovim, and it fits my needs well - but my choosing it over emacs was largely arbitrary. Now I'm in a position where I understand Neovim very well but lack that knowledge of emacs. As far as I know they're on par with each other.
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SaaSHub
SaaSHub - Software Alternatives and Reviews. SaaSHub helps you find the best software and product alternatives
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zed
Code at the speed of thought – Zed is a high-performance, multiplayer code editor from the creators of Atom and Tree-sitter.
Zed is written in Rust: https://github.com/zed-industries/zed. It seems relatively straightforward to write an extension for it, but I've never personally tried (I suck at Rust).
I will say that Lua is extremely easy to pick up, and as far as hacking on an IDE I think that simplicity might make it an ideal language.
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There are a variety of API clients written in various languages to configure and script Neovim including Ruby, Python, Go, and Rust. You can find an extensive list here: https://github.com/neovim/neovim/wiki/Related-projects#api-c...
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textadept
Textadept is a fast, minimalist, and remarkably extensible cross-platform text editor for programmers.
You said no-Lua, but since for many interested in this thread Lua's a non-problem, I'll pitch a disconcertingly underhyped native (aka non-Electron) editor with Lua extension story (and many of its parts built on that plus a small C core) called TextAdept. I'm still a happy camper on VSCode but if it ever begins to crumble/rot/overbloat (by subjective criteria), I'd hop onto that. Lua is (for my purposes here) no better/worse than JS/TS. Save for those darned 1-based array indexings!
LSP-capable too, last I heard, else it'd be a non-option for me in 2024. https://orbitalquark.github.io/textadept/