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Yes, I've never written a line of Swift, but these cases don't seem to be of the usual variety that cause Hindley-Milner to blow up. It seems like the Swift compiler source is available, and these test cases are small. This is encouragement for someone to spend a small amount of time digging into this, just for the curiosity of it. I'll give you my next upvote on HN when you write up your results.
https://static.aminer.org/pdf/20170130/pdfs/popl/o8rbwxmj6h2...
https://github.com/apple/swift
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InfluxDB
InfluxDB – Built for High-Performance Time Series Workloads. InfluxDB 3 OSS is now GA. Transform, enrich, and act on time series data directly in the database. Automate critical tasks and eliminate the need to move data externally. Download now.
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One of the interesting tradeoffs in programming languages is compile speed vs everything else.
If you've ever worked on a project with a 40 minute build (me) you can appreciate a language like go that puts compilation speed ahead of everything else. Lately I've been blown away by the "uv" package manager for Python which not only seems to be the first correct one but is also so fast I can be left wondering if it really did anything.
On the other hand, there's a less popular argument that the focus on speed is a reason why we can't have nice things and, for people working on smaller systems, languages should be focused on other affordances so we have things like
https://www.rebol.com/
One area I've thought about a lot is the design of parsers: for instance there is a drumbeat you hear about Lisp being "homoiconic" but if you had composable parsers and your language exposed its own parser, and if every parser also worked as an unparser, you could do magical metaprogramming with ease similar to LISP. Python almost went there with PEG but stopped short of it being a real revolution because of... speed.
As for the kind of problem he's worried about (algorithms that don't scale) one answer is compilation units and careful caching.
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swift-corelibs-foundation
The Foundation Project, providing core utilities, internationalization, and OS independence
I'm not deep in Swift, but this would make it seem Foundation is open source: https://github.com/apple/swift-corelibs-foundation/tree/main
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mlstruct
Codebase for the paper "MLstruct: Principal Type Inference in a Boolean Algebra of Structural Types"
There are fast type inference algorithms available today, such as MLStruct. [0]
[0] https://github.com/hkust-taco/mlstruct
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