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Then there are Darcs and Pijul, which use a theory of patches.
So Pijul manages to have lossless merges by actually storing a directed graph (though of course, you will still need to decide how to flatten that into a displayed file) :
https://jneem.github.io/pijul/
And because uses more information about the history, it is able to do smarter merges (if I am not mistaken, even compared to the OP ?) :
https://tahoe-lafs.org/~zooko/badmerge/simple.html
https://pijul.org/faq
https://github.com/Peaker/git-mediate is an amazing secret weapon for making quick work of 3-way conflict resolution.