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book
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OCaml: a Rust developer's first impressions
Some of your questions might be answered in this book (free online version): https://dev.realworldocaml.org/
- Compiler Development: Rust or OCaml?
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Nix-Powered Development with OCaml
I don't think they're wrong
the Jane Street side are quite prolific with blog posts etc
as a newcomer to OCaml one of the first, and nicer-looking, intro resources you'll likely encounter is the Real World OCaml book https://dev.realworldocaml.org/ which unfortunately does everything using Base instead of the stdlib
Personally that didn't sit right to me and I prefer to use the stdlib by default (which seems fine and not in need of a wholesale replacement)
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Comparing Objective Caml and Standard ML
This is an oldie but a goodie.
OCaml has, unlike Standard ML, grown quite a lot since this page was made.
In particular, the section "Standard libraries", I'd recommend looking at:
https://dev.realworldocaml.org/
A couple of places where the comparison is outdated:
- OCaml using Base [1] allows for result-type oriented programming
- OCaml using Base uses less language magic and more module system
While there was and is truth to the distinction that SML is for scientists and OCaml is for engineers, this dichotomy is getting dated: OCaml is under active development, which means that scientists who want better tooling will choose OCaml. For example, 1ML [2] by Andreas Rossberg was built in OCaml.
[1]: https://opensource.janestreet.com/base/
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Resource recommendations for a beginner.
Real World OCaml (version 2 is finally out) is also pretty good.
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OCAML HELP!
Real World OCaml is also a good resource, geared more towards people who already have some programming experience and want a more industry/practical focused learning experience.
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Teach Yourself Programming in Ten Years
ocaml.org’s new website is packed with lots of great early intros.
most learners eventually gravitate towards Real World OCaml https://dev.realworldocaml.org/ for additional learning.
Unfortunately, the learning resources for different domains out there isn’t as highly curated or prolific as, say, rust. If you do web dev like me, it takes a bit more work to find the tools and put them together. But the language itself lends itself well to systems level programming.
Fortunately, the forum is a great help.
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Help getting started with Ocaml
In general, better read the second edition which is updated to use current Core versions. A print version was published recently.
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learning ocaml this semester.
I recommend https://dev.realworldocaml.org/ and https://cs3110.github.io/textbook/cover.html
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Functional Reactive Programming
Elm is not dead. It just prefers a slow release schedule but is still actively worked on in the background.
That said, you might want to check out OCaml for general purpose programming. Super fast compiler, great performance, can target both native and JS.
It is easier to use than Haskell due to defaulting to eager evaluation (like most languages) strategy instead of laziness and being generally more pragmatic, offering more escape hatches into the imperative world if need be. Plus great upward trajectory with lot's of cool stuff like an effects system and multi-core support coming.
Real World Ocaml is a decent resource: https://dev.realworldocaml.org/
ocaml-containers
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Decy vreau sa învăț și eu un limbaj
YMMV. Există extensii: Base, Containers. Pentru I/O ai Lwt sau Async.
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Is 'Real World OCaml' 1st ed worth bying for a beginner?
It focuses on Jane Street's alternate standard library, Base, which means you're not quite learning OCaml, you're learning a distorted dialect of it that is mostly the same but with a lot of unique, opinionated design decisions chosen by Jane Street developers to suit their company's workflow. If you want to use Base you pretty much have to opt in to its way of doing things and pulling in a lot of extra code, so I think it's better to learn OCaml first, then learn Jane Street's way, especially since OCaml's stdlib has grown and improved a good bit since the time when Base was made and RWO originally written. Plus there's also containers now, which is a stdlib extension that lets you cherry-pick the things you want in a more self-contained way that builds on what OCaml provides instead of trying to replace it.
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My adventures in ML Land
Fortunately, there is Containers which gets the argument ordering right.
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I'm typecasting a lot, help
Instead of either, you might be interested in Containers. It's more like an extension of the OCaml stdlib where you can cherry-pick what you want to use instead of having to go all-or-nothing. Adds a lot of useful things but not in the opinionated "let's make OCaml a different language" way that Base does.
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OCaml over Scala
Same can be said of containers, which extends the stdlib rather than replaces or changes it. It's not fragmentation, it's a "batteries included" utility library that works with the stdlib.
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A Lisp REPL as my main shell (article)
I'm not a fan of some of the opinionated things it does and find it bloats the executables a bit much for my liking, but it is coherent and nicely made. I was looking into trying Batteries instead but someone suggested containers and it seems more modular and an extension of the stdlib rather than a replacement, which is more to my liking.
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For an OCaml newbie, do you recommend using one of the alternative standard libraries?
For writing a self-contained library, people generally stick to stdlib (and occasionally some lightweight stdlib alternatives, e.g. containers - https://github.com/c-cube/ocaml-containers). Personally, I use containers a fair bit for libraries, but not as a full stdlib replacement.
What are some alternatives?
swift-async-algorithms - Async Algorithms for Swift
base - Standard library for OCaml
awesome-ocaml - A curated collection of awesome OCaml tools, frameworks, libraries and articles.
RecordStream - commandline tools for slicing and dicing JSON records.
reason - Simple, fast & type safe code that leverages the JavaScript & OCaml ecosystems
opam-monorepo - Assemble dune workspaces to build your project and its dependencies as a whole
learn-you-a-haskell - “Learn You a Haskell for Great Good!” by Miran Lipovača
sihl - A modular functional web framework
onelinerizer - Shamelessly convert any Python 2 script into a terrible single line of code
utop - Universal toplevel for OCaml
reflex - Interactive programs without callbacks or side-effects. Functional Reactive Programming (FRP) uses composable events and time-varying values to describe interactive systems as pure functions. Just like other pure functional code, functional reactive code is easier to get right on the first try, maintain, and reuse.
preface - Preface is an opinionated library designed to facilitate the handling of recurring functional programming idioms in OCaml.