pyannotate
typing
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| pyannotate | typing | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 38 | |
| 1,409 | 1,543 | |
| 0.7% | 1.6% | |
| 0.0 | 8.8 | |
| almost 2 years ago | 7 days ago | |
| Python | Python | |
| Apache License 2.0 | GNU General Public License v3.0 or later |
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For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
pyannotate
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What does it mean to have -> after a function
Indeed there are! pyannotate is probably the most popular one, authored by Guido van Rossum while he was at Dropbox.
typing
- Writing Python like it’s Rust
- Library for single dispatch on Generic subscript
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Thoughts on nested / inner functions in Python for better encapsulation and clarity?
Iterable[str] is unfortunately evil as it matches str which is often unintended. (see: https://github.com/python/typing/issues/256) One would need both NOT-type and AND-type in order to properly handle these.
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How to be more Literal in Python
The basic motivation behind them is that functions can have arguments that can only take a specific set of values, and those functions return values/types change based on that input. Common examples are (you can find more here):
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Python 3.11.0b1 is out! Python 3.11 is now in feature freeze mode!
While yes 26 people liked the idea here: https://github.com/python/typing/issues/193
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Type Hinting - Constrain metaclass of typing.Type
but looking at relevant issues on GitHub it seems this has been shot down repeatedly. python/typing#18, python/typing#213
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What type hint should I use for "some container type" in general but explicitly exclude the str type?
See https://github.com/python/typing/issues/256 for a discussion.
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Type annotations: how to express list contravariance?
Lower bounds are not supported for TypeVars, unfortunately.
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I use attrs instead of pydantic
Mypy allows that because initial versions of PEP-484 allowed that. This has changed; here's the current wording on the PEP:
> This is no longer the recommended behavior. Type checkers should move towards requiring the optional type to be made explicit.
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Can I walk through the entire hierarchy of object types?
Dunno, other, larger projects than the one I'm working on seem to run up against this from time to time. (rasa_core, to pick one example from near the top of a Google search; also Telethon, Blender, TensorFlow, Pandas. Guido also filed a bug on the typing module in an early version of Python 3.5 because of unexpected implications of this particular issue, so the problem isn't exactly purely theoretical.) That's aside from the wish for conceptual purity in the call signatures of classes and their subclasses, which is not always and automatically a bad wish to have; and the notion that a language that prides itself on its introspective faculties might want to make introspection of classes from the top of a class hierarchy possible, at least in theory? Perhaps to facility learning about the language and/or visualizing large class hierarchies easily, for instance?
What are some alternatives?
monkeytype - The most customizable typing website with a minimalistic design and a ton of features. Test yourself in various modes, track your progress and improve your speed.
mypy - Optional static typing for Python
pytype - A static type analyzer for Python code
pyre-check - Performant type-checking for python.
black - The uncompromising Python code formatter
fp-ts - Functional programming in TypeScript
YouCompleteMe - A code-completion engine for Vim
pydantic - Data validation using Python type hints
MonkeyType - A Python library that generates static type annotations by collecting runtime types
Telethon - Pure Python 3 MTProto API Telegram client library, for bots too!
mashumaro - Fast and well tested serialization library
intellij-community - IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition & IntelliJ Platform