open_spiel VS pybind11

Deep mind actually has a repository where they applied this algorithm for incomplete-knowledge games. You could use it for reference: https://github.com/deepmind/open_spiel/tree/master/open_spiel/python/algorithms

+1. You can also find an implementation of Clobber and AlphaZero (and many other basic RL algorithms) in OpenSpiel: https://github.com/deepmind/open_spiel

You can find a lot of code online if you look, and many of these applied to Poker. There's a general implementation of both in Python and C++ in OpenSpiel, with some examples applied to small poker games. It's nice code to learn from because the algorithms operate over generic game descriptions, so there aren't game-specific design choices mixed up with the implementation of the algorithms, and you can create your own poker game and just run them on it.

And many other additions and improvements. See all the details here: https://github.com/deepmind/open_spiel/releases/tag/v1.3

I would checkout the openspiel package. It's main focus is RL in games (multi-agent environments). You'll find RL examples there and games that are small enough to solve without deep RL. There's also a wide range of environments from fully cooperative to adversarial zero-sum.

Hi, you can check out OpenSpiel: https://github.com/deepmind/open_spiel/

as for algorithms , openspiel repository has few implementations some of these are not related to imperfect information games , and others are not for multiagent environment and others are tabular algorithms .

This includes single-agent Gymnasium wrappers for DM Control, DM Lab, Behavior Suite, Arcade Learning Environment, OpenAI Gym V21 & V26. Multi-agent PettingZoo wrappers support DM Control Soccer, OpenSpiel and Melting Pot. For more information, read the release notes here:

I've had some success using Action Masking - you can refer to here https://github.com/deepmind/open_spiel/blob/120420a74a69354d64c10b51cd129d4587f9f325/open_spiel/python/algorithms/dqn.py but for DQN you need to mask out q values for invalid actions (as well as masking them during prediction). In my case I'm able to place my mask in the observation so can fetch it quite easily during prediction but if that's not possible you could query it from the environment and store it in the replay buffer (like they do in the link I shared)

Take a look at this simple implementation: https://github.com/deepmind/open_spiel/blob/master/open_spiel/algorithms/minimax.cc

I'm investigating using C++ to build a REST server, and would love to know of people's experiences with Crow-- or whether they would recommend something else as a "medium-level" abstraction C++ web server. As background, I started off experimenting with Python/FastAPI, which is great, but there is too much friction to translate from pybind11-exported C++ objects to the format that FastAPI expects, and, of course, there are inherent performance limitations using Python, which could impact scaling up if the project were to be successful.

I have a C++ function computing a large tensor which I would like to return to Python as a NumPy array via pybind11.

This is based on the Google Ink Stroke Modeler C++ library, and using pybind11 to make it available on python.

pybind11 makes it easy to call C++ from Python if you want to mix.

If you've never used Pybind before these pybind tests[1] and this repo[2] have good examples you can crib to get started (in addition to the docs). Once you handle passing/returning/creating the main data types (list, tuple, dict, set, numpy array) the first time, then it's mostly smooth sailing.

Pybind offers a lot of functionality, but core "good parts" I've found useful are (a) use a numpy array in Python and pass it to a C++ method to work on, (b) pass your python data structure to pybind and then do work on it in C++ (some copy overhead), and (c) Make a class/struct in C++ and expose it to Python (so no copying overhead and you can create nice cache-aware structs, etc.).

[1] https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/blob/master/tests/test_py...

I have a python module for which the logic is written in C++ and I use pybind11 to expose the objects and functions to Python.

Reading from Python requires a wrapper, using pybind11 this is fairly done.

Also I can highly recommend starting using C++ to augment your Python code, i.e. find the parts that are slow or undoable in Python and write those in C++ then expose them as Python functions. You can use https://github.com/pybind/pybind11 to call C++ code from Python.