NumPy VS Pytorch

In NumPy with @, dot() or matmul():

In NumPy with * or multiply(). ` or multiply()` can multiply 0D or more D arrays by element-wise multiplication.

Data science projects often use numpy. However, numpy objects are not JSON-serializable and therefore require conversion to standard python objects in order to be saved:

numpy: A library for scientific computing in Python

Python has become a preferred language for data analysis due to its simplicity and robust library ecosystem. Among these, NumPy stands out with its efficient handling of numerical data. Let’s say you’re working with numbers for large data sets—something Python’s native data structures may find challenging. That’s where NumPy arrays come into play, making numerical computations seamless and speedy.

I was looking at all the big projects like numpy, pytorch, flask, etc.

I wish the NumPy devs would more thoroughly consider adding full fluent API support, e.g. x.sqrt().ceil(). [Issue #24081]

TensorFlow, developed by Google, and PyTorch, developed by Facebook, are two of the most popular frameworks for building and training complex machine learning models. TensorFlow is known for its flexibility and robust scalability, making it suitable for both research prototypes and production deployments. PyTorch is praised for its ease of use, simplicity, and dynamic computational graph that allows for more intuitive coding of complex AI models. Both frameworks support a wide range of AI models, from simple linear regression to complex deep neural networks.

> does PyTorch have a similar concept

of course https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/blob/main/torch/utils/_py...

fyi should work on most 40xx[1]

[1] https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/119638#issuecommen...

Sure, right here: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/blob/main/torch/autograd/...

Here's the documentation: https://pytorch.org/tutorials/intermediate/forward_ad_usage....

> When an input, which we call “primal”, is associated with a “direction” tensor, which we call “tangent”, the resultant new tensor object is called a “dual tensor” for its connection to dual numbers[0].

*My post explains Dot, Matrix and Element-wise multiplication in PyTorch.

In PyTorch with @, dot() or matmul():

import torch # we use PyTorch: https://pytorch.org data = torch.tensor(encode(text), dtype=torch.long) print(data.shape, data.dtype) print(data[:1000]) # the 1000 characters we looked at earlier will to the GPT look like this

AI's Open Embrace Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly leveraging open-source frameworks like TensorFlow [https://www.tensorflow.org/] and PyTorch [https://pytorch.org/]. This democratization of AI tools is driving innovation and lowering entry barriers across industries.

Which label applies to a tool sometimes depends on what you do with it. For example, PyTorch or TensorFlow can be called a library, a toolkit, or a machine-learning framework.

In PyTorch with * or mul(). ` or mul()` can multiply 0D or more D tensors by element-wise multiplication: