nanos
linuxkit
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nanos | linuxkit | |
---|---|---|
27 | 14 | |
2,424 | 8,112 | |
12.0% | 0.5% | |
9.3 | 9.2 | |
7 days ago | 8 days ago | |
C | Go | |
Apache License 2.0 | Apache License 2.0 |
Stars - the number of stars that a project has on GitHub. Growth - month over month growth in stars.
Activity is a relative number indicating how actively a project is being developed. Recent commits have higher weight than older ones.
For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
nanos
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Nanos – A Unikernel
Forgot to mention this but https://nanos.org is also related with https://nanovms.com (to deploy unikernels) and ops.city (which handles the package distributions), so it's like a whole ecosystem.
I wonder why Alpine linux won over this though?
I am a bit confused, there are three sites:
And I am not sure what "thing" I am using. Is there some disambiguation? I know is OPS is the orchestration CLI, but I am confused at the difference between Nanos and NanoVMs. What should I call the section of my README that deals with this tech? Currently gone with Nanos/OPS but I am confused.
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Kolibri OS: fits on a floppy disk, programmed using interrupts
I work with https://nanos.org && https://ops.city - we can run thousands of these on commodity hardware.
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Mirage – A programming framework for building type-safe, modular systems
Unik was just a build tool that utilized other projects like Rump, Mirage, IncludeOS, etc. It's now dead since Solo pivoted a very long time ago to service mesh/api gateways.
The GoRump port they use was from us and then we realized we needed to code our own from the ground up for many reasons so we wrote https://nanos.org (runs as a go unikernel in GCP).
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Building a unikernel that runs WebAssembly – part 1
A couple unikernel projects that caught my eye in the past may be of interest to you. I have no experience with them, so I can't speak to their quality though.
- Build Your Own Docker with Linux Namespaces, Cgroups, and Chroot
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Running Postgres as a Unikernel
Definitely agree with the top part, however, I should note that, ops, the tool's, whole existence is to create disk images and upload them to any cloud, any hypervisor.
In particular, both https://ops.city && https://nanos.org are Go unikernels running on GCP and their deploys take just a few seconds to push out. AWS can be even faster cause we skip the s3 upload part. We also have lots of people using Azure which would be utilizing vhdx.
- Ask HN: Resources for Building a Webserver in C?
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Applications available in unikernels?
I'm with that organization that works on https://nanos.org and https://ops.city . If you aren't a software engineer but still would like to use unikernels you're in luck - we also have a package repository at https://repo.ops.city/ (running as a go unikernel on GCP) that will allow you to run and deploy pre-made applications. If you don't see something that you'd like to us there's also a way of importing docker containers into unikernels via ops which works for most (but not all) applications.
linuxkit
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Gokrazy – Go Appliances
Another project that aims to deliver this is Linuxkit (https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit). All the components they ship are written in memory safe languages (usually Go) and run as containers under containerd. You can build a custom image very easily, fully defined as a YAML file.
- How to connect to a docker container service when it's running on a mac?
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An overview of single-purpose Linux distributions
docker-the-company maintained https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit when I worked there. I have no idea who maintains it now, but it looks like it is still active (presumably still docker-the-company, since their adopters list [1] lists docker desktop).
[1]: https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit/blob/master/ADOPTERS.md
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Create a minimalist OS using Docker Containers and Hashicorp Packer
LF-Edge EVE project leverages Linuxkit to create custom OSs for Edge Devices which in turn leverages Containers as Lego Blocks
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RootFS Tooling
LinuxKit - Docker
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What happened to the nice Ansible cloud (provisioning) listing?
That said... you might want to check out linuxkit
That said... you might want to check out linuxkit -- if you're ever in a place where you need to build VMs out of containers, it is looks next-generation (granted it is less powerful than ansible on a running machine).
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Ask HN: How are you using unikernels?
The definition of what a unikernel is needs to be narrowed down, a lot of these projects in the space (not all the ones listed above) have material differences that are not clear:
- some run only one language
- some require recompilation
- some essentially swap out libraries, others do something closer to dropping your already mostly static binary in a minimal disk image
- some build pid1 processes, others VMs images
Anyway, here are some additional entries in the space:
- https://ssrg-vt.github.io/hermitux/
- https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit (more embedded/minimal VM than unikernel)
- https://nabla-containers.github.io/ (runs on Solo5)
I am going through using Linuxkit to build AMIs for cloud providers now. I wouldn’t necessarily class linuxkit as a universal project because it doesn’t have the hallmark blurring of user and kernel space or kernel-as-a-library but you can customize the kernel so it’s an adjacent idea, and I think it’s the one most likely to be in actual use at non-hyperscalers.
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Unikraft: Fast, Specialized Unikernels the Easy Way
I believe there is growing interest in providing leaner, "trimmed" runtimes for services deployed to the cloud. Today, this is seen largely by specializing the Linux kernel for, for example, container services[0] or in general[1], as much as that is possible (the paper above covers this problem in greater detail). But, Unikernels in themselves are not yet widely adopted. This is the space Unikraft is aiming to enter, providing the ultimate level of specialization for a target application.
It's clear that bigger players, such as Red Hat[2] are interested in the topic of unikernels, and that cloud providers are preparing for this future too [3].
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Docker Without Docker
I'm really impressed by fly.io, and the candidness with which they share some of their really awesome technology. Being container-first is the next step for PaaS IMO and they are ahead of the pack.
I aim to build a platform like theirs someday (probably not any time soon) but I don't think I'd do any of what they're doing -- it feels unnecessary. Bear with me as I recently learned that they use nomad[0] and some of these suggestions are kubernetes projects but I'd love to hear why the following technologies were decided against (if they were):
- kata-containers[1] (it does the whole container -> VM flow for you, automatically, nemu, firecracker) with multiple VMM options[2]
- linuxkit[3] (let's say you didn't go with kata-containers, this is another container->VM path)
- firecracker-containerd[4] (very minimal keep-your-container-but-run-it-as-a-VM)
- kubevirt[5] (if you just want to actually run VMs, regardless of how you built them)
- Ceph[6] for storage -- make LVM pools and just give them to Ceph, you'll get blocks, distributed filesystems (CephFS), and object gateways (S3/Swift) out of it (in the k8s space Rook manages this)
As an aside to all this, there's also LXD, which supports running "system" (user namespace isolated) containers, VMs (somewhat recent[7][8]), live migration via criu[9], management/migration of underlying filesystems, runs on LVM or zfs[10], it's basically all-in-one, but does fall behind in terms of ecosystem since everyone else is aboard the "cloud native"/"works-with-kubernetes" train.
I've basically how I plan to run a service like fly.io if I ever did -- so maybe my secret is out, but I sure would like to know just how much of this fly.io got built on (if any of it), and/or what was turned down.
[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26745514
[1]: https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers
[2]: https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers/blob/2fc7...
[3]: https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit
[4]: https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker-container...
[5]: https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt
[7]: https://discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/running-virtual-machin...
[8]: https://github.com/lxc/lxd/issues/6205
What are some alternatives?
unikraft - A next-generation cloud native kernel designed to unlock best-in-class performance, security primitives and efficiency savings.
rusty-hermit - Hermit for Rust. [Moved to: https://github.com/hermit-os/hermit-rs]
OPS - ops - build and run nanos unikernels
lxd - Powerful system container and virtual machine manager [Moved to: https://github.com/canonical/lxd]
unik - The Unikernel & MicroVM Compilation and Deployment Platform
dark - Darklang main repo, including language, backend, and infra
mirage - MirageOS is a library operating system that constructs unikernels
engine - The Orchestration Engine To Deliver Self-Service Infrastructure Faster ⚡️
kata-containers - Kata Containers is an open source project and community working to build a standard implementation of lightweight Virtual Machines (VMs) that feel and perform like containers, but provide the workload isolation and security advantages of VMs. https://katacontainers.io/
Pulumi - Pulumi - Infrastructure as Code in any programming language. Build infrastructure intuitively on any cloud using familiar languages 🚀
ferros - A Rust-based userland which also adds compile-time assurances to seL4 development.