gardener VS Pulumi

Now, if you want to dig further on how cloud providers operate, like I said, most are actually using Kubernetes to automate the client control plane management. There is a cloud-neutral project for this out there called Gardener, they have a few architecture documents which explain the concept a bit further. In their garden metaphor, the seed cluster hosts the client control planes, and the shoot clusters are the client clusters (which are only made of worker nodes, no control-plane node). Another more specialized implementation is Kubernikus for OpenStack.

Gardener: https://github.com/gardener/gardener RH HyperShift: https://github.com/openshift/hypershift

Gardener does exactly that. One global cluster manages smaller per-region/cloud provider management clusters and those will contain the control planes of your workload clusters. This way you can have like 10 000 clusters and not deal with multi-tenant issues. One workload = 1 cluster.

We had cluster of cluster style management managing 100s of cluster. Check out https://github.com/gardener/gardener for an inspiration

How does this compare against simply using Gardener [0]?

[0] https://github.com/gardener/gardener

If you are following this blog series, you should already know the benefits of using Terraform to define and deploy your AWS resources and configuration. Other IaC solutions such as AWS CloudFormation, AWS CDK, and Pulumi work the same way but differs in the programming or configuration language.

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is an important part of any true hosting operation in the public cloud. Each of these platforms has their own IaC solution, e.g. AWS CloudFormation. But they also support popular open-source IaC tools like Pulumi or Terraform. A category of tools that also needs to be discussed is API gateways and other app-specific load balancers. There are applications for internal consumption, which can be called microservices if you have a lot of them. And often microservices use advanced networking options such as a service mesh instead of just the native private network offered by a VPC.

funny, to me systemd == no docker, no containers, just a VM.

it's my goto way to keep my programming running and have it be restarted if the vm reboots. I use VMs like "pods". I deploy code directly to the VM and run it there along with other programs. I scale up an scale down with: https://www.pulumi.com/

Pulumi — Modern infrastructure as a code platform that allows you to use familiar programming languages and tools to build, deploy, and manage cloud infrastructure.

A move like this may have an impact in other open source projects. Take Pulumi, for instance, people might avoid choosing it now that the Linux Foundation have its own IaC tool, and for newer, smaller projects it will probably be impossible to compete with a project under the Linux name.

Another alternative to writing an operator would be to rely on kustomize or https://www.pulumi.com/.

Pulumi

Would it make sense to say Dagger is to Pulumi [1], as Terraform is to Togomak?

[1]: https://www.pulumi.com/

Infrastructure as Code (IaC): Define your infrastructure using code (IaC) to automate the provisioning of resources such as virtual machines, load balancers, and databases. Tools like Terraform, Pulumi, and AWS CloudFormation can help.