book VS nomicon

You might like Rustlings, which you should probably work through alongside The Book. Rustlings is an interactive learning tool that gives you pieces of Rust code that you need to fix and make compile. It's not really a challenge in the same way as Advent of Code, but it should help to learn the language. Couple that with the book, which is the standard learning resource for Rust, and you should pick up the concepts you are unsure of.

Once you've finished with The Book and possibly Programming Rust, 2nd Edition if you've got the cash for a paid book, read Learning Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists (it helps to solidify what ownership and borrowing mean for data structures) and Rust Design Patterns.

Firstly, I recommend you read the book. It explains pretty much everything you are confused about.

if you want to learn, unambiguously the best resource is "The Book": https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/

If you choose to learn Rust, then I'd strongly recommend reading the first ~15 chapters of https://doc.rust-lang.org/book before getting stuck in to a real project. It covers most of the things you'll likely be unfamilar as TS dev (such as what the Stack and the Heap are, and how ownership semantics work).

A good starter would be https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/

The Rust Book provides a bottom up approach to learning the language. From your background, you'll probably be comfortable with a lot of things in it but it's definitely worth reading through to get insight on the unique features of Rust such as the borrow checker, lifetimes, traits, error handling, etc.

The Rust Programming Language book.

If you can think of a specific DS as an example, maybe Google for a Rust implementation (e.g. "red black tree in rust"). The official book is also very good: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/

If you are interested in learning more about unsafe rust, read the nomicon.

Have you read the nomicon? I'm not sure it fits "in between," but it's definitely not on the "BNF and little explanation" spectrum of things. But if you're coming from years of C or C++ and are totally cool with raw pointers and just want to do stuff with them, then I'd probably point you to the nomicon.

The Nomicon for learning the dark arts of unsafe rust 😳

Also rust book https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ and Rustonomicon https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ should be enough

Because of this you should really read the Rustonomicon before you go anywhere near unsafe Rust: a lot of things can go very wrong very quickly.

You should read The Rustonomicon before you use unsafe since it's essentially the unsafe guidelines and covers much more than I can here

Rust doesn't have similar obscure details? May I interest you with the Rustonomicon?

For more details on this kind of thing, you might be interested in the Rustonomicon, which is the goto guide for the details of writing unsafe Rust code.

The "Rustonomicon" is a book about unsafe code in Rust: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/

Getting into unsafe Rust is generally more for intermediate to advanced users, but the Rustonomicon has good information on how to do it safely: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/